Which organisms use fragmentation

Multicellular organisms with simple body organization can divide or reproduce by fragmentation. But, it cannot be used by all multi-cellular organisms. The formation of identical species, lesser time of reproduction, and transfer of positive genes from parent to offspring are some of the key advantages of fragmentation whereas the lack of or the reduced genetic diversity, same heritage problems, and unable to cope up with the environmental changes are some of the ….

In such an organised condition, cell-by-cell division would be impossible. Hence multicellular organisms need complex methods of reproduction. Fragmentation is not possible in all multicellular organisms because : Different levels of complexity is found in different multicellular organisms. Specialised tissues are organised as tissues, and tissues are organized into organs. These need to placed at definite positions in the body. Fragmentation is often accepted in return for improvements in speed or simplicity.

Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction where a fragment of the parent breaks off and develops into an entirely new but genetically identical individual. Most organisms regenerate at least some damaged body parts, though this regeneration is not related to fragmentation reproduction.

The fragmentation is the type of reproduction in lower organisms. The fragments which are produced can develop into new organisms. Fragmentation can be caused by natural processes such as fires, floods, and volcanic activity, but is more commonly caused by human impacts. It often starts with what are seen as small and harmless impacts. As human activity increases, however, the influence of fragmentation becomes greater. Fragmentation may be defined as the process of breaking up of parent animal into small parts, each of which can grow into a new complete individual.

This process of asexual reproduction is found in planaria and hydra. Fragmentation and Blackworms Many species of annelids worms reproduce via an asexual process called fragmentation.

These worms are hermaphroditic -- they have both male and female reproductive parts -- and can reproduce sexually. However, many times these worms will reproduce using fragmentation.

Plants That Reproduce Asexually Dandelions and blackberries reproduce through seeds that form asexually. Ferns and mosses reproduce through spores. Some trees, like the ones that grow seedless navel oranges, can only reproduce with the help of humans who cut off part of the tree and plant it. But in many species, females do not require males to produce offspring — they can reproduce asexually. One form of asexual reproduction is parthenogenesis, where females lay unfertilised eggs that develop into clones.

Rabbit reproduction Most animals reproduce sexually , for example, rabbits. A disadvantage is that sexual reproduction takes longer than asexual reproduction. A mate must be found, the egg must be fertilised by sperm, and then the offspring develop. Earthworms can reproduce very frequently, their population can also double within a week. Since earthworms consist of both the male and female sexual organs, the common misconception is that they can reproduce asexually , that is, with only one parent.

An earthworm cannot produce a whole new organism on its own. There are no known instances of any mammal reproducing asexually outside the laboratory, although there are a few instances where it's been achieved through artificial means.

Some animals are fully asexual and do not need a male to give birth: for instance, some species of whiptail lizards. But there are also animals that can mate with a male, but do not always do so, and they are the ones we are considering. Some vertebrate species have the ability to reproduce asexually even though they normally reproduce sexually.

These include certain sharks , turkeys, Komodo dragons, snakes and rays. There are very few reports of asexual reproduction occurring in females with previous sexual histories, says Dudgeon. Obligate parthenogenesis is the process in which organisms exclusively reproduce through asexual means. As such, there are over 80 species of unisex reptiles mostly lizards but including a single snake species , amphibians and fishes in nature for which males are no longer a part of the reproductive process.